Journal of Microbiology Research
p-ISSN: 2166-5885 e-ISSN: 2166-5931
2024; 14(1): 1-10
doi:10.5923/j.microbiology.20241401.01
Received: Mar. 15, 2024; Accepted: Apr. 7, 2024; Published: Apr. 13, 2024
1Department of Microbiology, School of Applied Science and Technology, Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
2Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Centre for Infectious Disease Control and Drug Development (CIDCDD), Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Correspondence to: Ajayi A. O., Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria; Centre for Infectious Disease Control and Drug Development (CIDCDD), Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Scientific & Academic Publishing.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mining activities have increased environmental pollution which has consequently resulted in the release of heavy metals into the environment. Bacteria are known to possess several detoxifying mechanisms to withstand the toxic effects of metal species in biotransformation and removal of these metals. The study shows the distribution of the indigenous metal species resistant bacteria in some abandoned mine effluents in Ikpeshi, Akoko-Edo, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from Goopex quarry (S1), Freedom quarry (S2) Somak quarry (S3) and SC1, SC2, SC3 as their surrounding sites in Ikpeshi, Akoko-Edo, Nigeria. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard microbiological methods. Bacteria tolerance to higher concentration of these metals and their mechanisms of resistance were determined using molecular techniques. A total of 48 metal resistant bacteria species were isolated from three limestone mine tailing and soil in Ikpeshi, Akoko-Edo, Edo State, and using 1mM of Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr and Co. High resistance to Pb, Ni and Zn were observed in the isolated bacteria strains. Twenty-three of these isolates showed distinct morphological characteristics and the isolates showed tolerance to multiple metals at 5, 9 and 7 mM of Ni, Pb and Zn respectively. Ten isolates showing best growth were selected and their identity confirmed using 16S rRNA. Sequencing of the I6S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences determined from the 16S rRNA gene showed that these isolates belong to the genera Bacillus, Bacteriodes, Methanoococcus and Deferribacter, uncultured Sphingobacterium and uncultured Sulfuricurvum. Screening for the presence of plasmid revealed that the isolates were plasmid mediated. These results indicate that bacteria can be used for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated site. Hence sampled sites need to be remediated. Measures should be taken to prevent water and wind erosion of the tailing to prevent further dispersal of metal species in the environment.
Keywords: Bacteria, Environmental pollution, Heavy metals, Metal species, Mine waste
Cite this paper: Yakubu P., Ajayi A. O., Molecular Characterization of Heavy Metal Resistant Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Mining Soil in Ikpeshi, South-West, Nigeria, Journal of Microbiology Research, Vol. 14 No. 1, 2024, pp. 1-10. doi: 10.5923/j.microbiology.20241401.01.
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Plate 1. Fingerprint photograph showing amplicons of approximately 500bp for 16S rRNA gene amplification of the metal resistant bacteria |
Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequence |
Plate 2. Plasmid profile |