1. Introduction

Carabidae family of Coleoptera is one of the largest families with 25,000 to 50,000 species. These beetles are very sensitive to moisture from abiotic factors. Most of the species are adapted to live in humid biotopes with relatively moderate temperatures. The share of mesoxerophilic species among phytophages is quite high, because these species, like other phytophages, compensate for the lack of moisture in the body at the expense of plant tissues. A large group of ground-dwelling beetles is specialized for living in highly saline and brackish soils. Based on this, we set ourselves the goal of studying the fauna of the agrocenosis vizildok beetles in the vicinity of the forest and lake on the shores of the Amudarya in the Khorezm region. (2-3-4 Figures)

It is no secret that they occupy the main positions in the protection of agricultural crops from pests due to their predatory nature, which is a constant control of the number of species that are abundant in all natural and anthropogenic environments and damage agricultural crops, including beetles of the genera calosama, carabus, bembidion and scarits in biological control. is of particular importance.

In addition, some types of weevils damage agricultural crops. For this reason, the study of carabid beetles (Carabidae) from a general biological and faunistic point of view is considered relevant.

In 1868-1871 A.P. Fedchenko entomofauna of the region of the Nurota Mountains and the southern parts of the Kyzylkum Desert [17], in 1957-1959 the entomofauna of the Nurota Mountains and the desert areas adjacent to it were studied by V.V. Yakhontov, [15] A.G. Davleshina, V.M. Vasenkova, studied by P.N. Korshin. [6]

In Uzbekistan, studies on the study of hardy species belonging to the subgenus Adephaga are mainly in South-Western and South-Eastern Kyzylkum (Davleshina et al., 1974, 1975, 1982, 1984) [6] Fergana Valley, Tashkent (D. Dadamirzaev 1972-1976), [5] In the agrocenoses of Jizzakh, Bukhara, Kashkadarya regions (D. Daminova, 2010), it was conducted by, in which the systematics, ecologic-faunistic characteristics of these beetles, and their role in agrocenoses were shown. Nevertheless, for the first time, special studies are being conducted to study the carabid fauna of the agrobiocenosis areas of the Khorezm region.

2. Material and Methods

During 2021-2023, our research was conducted in the following coordinates of agrobiocenoses of Khanka, Bogot, Urganch, Yangibozor and Gurlan districts of Khorezm region. (Figure 1)

Figure 1. Locations where research was conducted

Bogot region-41°20'03.0"N 60°54'22.0"E, 41°24'31.9"N 61°00'39.5"E, 41°21'40.5"N 60°47'20.9"E, 41°25'19.6"N 61°00'56.3"E,41°24'33.4"N 61°00'38.8"E. Khanka region- 41°24'11.0"N 60°41'50.0"E, 41°25'27.5"N 60°43'02.0"E, 41°25'23.0"N 60°41'10.0"E, 41°30'07.8"N 60°52'05.1"E, 41°25'40.0"N 60°43'47.0"E, 41°31'09.0"N 61°00'36.0"E, 41°26'14.0"N 60°40'02.0"E, 41°24'11.0"N 60°41'50.0"E, 41°27'42.5"N 60°57'13.8"E. Urganch region- 41°37'32.0"N 60°41'10.0"E, 41°35'48.9"N 60°44'44.9"E, 41°35'56.3"N 60°44'43.6"E, 41°35'49.0"N 60°44'43.5"E. Yangibozor region-41°43'01.9"N 60°36'21.6"E, 41°42'50.3"N 60°36'59.5"E. Gurlan region-41°57'35.1"N 60°17'04.1"E, 41°53'51.8"N 60°24'23.3"E, 41°53'51.3"N 60°24'07.9"E, 41°54'10.4"N 60°24'09.3"E.

Figure 2. Biotope (A)

Figure 3. Biotope (A)

Figure 4. Biotope (O')

Khorezm region occupies part of the ancient Khorezm lands in the north-western part of the Republic of Uzbekistan, on the left bank of the lower Amudarya. The geographical location of the region is between 60°03'-62°28' east longitude and 40°35'-42°00'' north latitude. The region is bordered by Turkmenistan through the Karakum to the south and southwest, by the Republic of Karakalpakstan through the Amudarya to the northwest and north, and by the Bukhara regions to the southeast.

The region stretches for 280 km from northwest to southeast, and 80 km from west to east in the width where the city of Urganch is located. The northernmost point of the region corresponds to the Nuronbabo grove near the village of Olchin, Gurlan district. The southern end point is located a little south of Tuproqkala.

The Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts are the main factors influencing the formation of Khorezm's nature and relief. In addition, the Amudarya and the sediments brought by it play an important role in the uniqueness of its nature and relief. The passage of the Amudarya through the Khorezm region creates the ground for underground water to be close to the surface of the earth [1].

Collecting samples of weevildak beetles was widely used general entomological methods and special methods developed for the genus Hardy (Barber, 1931; Geidman, 1955, 1956) [3].

Many beetles are characterized by a desire for light at night. Some of them fly to ultraviolet rays (Fig. 7). It will be possible to observe flying insects at night by placing a flashlight on a white cloth. A family of beetles living outdoors on plants was caught with a trap. Many beetles live on the ground and in trees, bushes, and gardens. Beetles of this type can be caught mainly by hand (Fig. 5-6), by sifting the soil (Fig. 9) or by the above methods. Odor emitting devices attract many insects well to the odors of organic substances, especially the substances emitted by the insects themselves.

0.5 l glass jars were used as jar holders. The handles were buried in the soil up to the edges, and ¼ volume of fixative liquid was poured into them (Fig. 8-10).

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

As a result of our three-year research, the beetle identifier for processing, identification and species identification of collected materials (G.G. Yakobson V. Martyanov 2017) [16] Catalog of Palaearctic Coleoptera VOLUME 1, [13] and Russia and the pamphlets of the list of ground beetles of the neighboring areas were used (O.L. Kryzhanovski, I.A. Belousov, I.I. Kabak, B.M. Kataev, K.V. Makarov, V.G. Shilenkov 1995) [11] collected collections were transferred to the fund of the entomology unique collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Along with the wide use of modern atlases and catalogs in determining the species composition of the collected hardy plants, a number of mature specialists of the world, the employee of the All-Russian Plant Protection Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences b.f.n. I. I. Kabak, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Head of the Department of the collection of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Siberian Museum of Zoology, Ph.D. M. V. Nabojenko helped closely. Here we express our gratitude to them.

3. Results and Discussion

During the research, more than 720 samples of vizildok beetles were collected and analyzed. 13 subfamilies, 18 tribes, 31 genera, and 59 species belonging to 31 subgenera were identified in the riverside agrobiocenoses of Khorezm region. (Table 1)

Table 1. Meeting of species of the Carabidae family in the region

4. Conclusions

The analysis of the number of species in the agrobiocenosis areas of the identified weevil beetles shows that the highest number belongs to the Harpalinae subfamily and made up 15 species (26%), and the lowest number belongs to the Sigonninae subfamily. Formed 1 type (2%) (Figure - 11).

Figure 11. Proportion of species of Carabidae family by subfamilies