International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
p-ISSN: 2165-882X e-ISSN: 2165-8846
2017; 7(5): 103-110
doi:10.5923/j.ijaf.20170705.01
Mohamed Louay Metougui1, Mimoun Mokhtari2, Ouafae Benlhabib1
1Department of Production, Protection & Plant Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
2Department of Horticulture, Horticultural Complex of Agadir, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Ait Melloul, Morocco
Correspondence to: Mohamed Louay Metougui, Department of Production, Protection & Plant Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco.
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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Argan tree (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) is an emerging oil species of great social and economic interest in Morocco. The thriving national and international demand for its oil increased the anthropomorphic pressure on its forests, slowing the natural regeneration of the natural stands. In order to alleviate the pressure on the species and to satisfy the growing demand for its oil, the domestication of the argan tree and its cultivation should be urgently implemented. High and stable yield over years is an extremely important trait in argan tree selection and should be among the main objectives of its domestication programs. This study aimed to follow-up the production of 122 argan genotypes preserved in situ, at Admine reserve of the Horticultural Complex of Agadir in southwestern Morocco, over three contrasted years. The trees bearing fruits for in any year of the study varied from 50 to 73%. The 52 genotypes with a regular annual production were evaluated for their productivity and yield stability (in number of fruits and almond weight) using AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis. The analysis of variance showed a major genotype-to-year interaction (GYI) effect; the genotype too, had a significant influence, while the year had a negligible effect. Data analysis revealed different responses of each individual between years and subsequently the complexity of this trait. The first multiplicative component of the interaction accounted for 67 and 60% of the sum of squares for fruit density and almond yield respectively. The AMMI1 and AMMI2 biplots, and the AMMI stability value were used to discriminate genotypes with superior and stable fruit yield. The analysis also enabled the identification of potentially productive trees in some specific environmental conditions. Thus, allowing the pre-selection of 12 promising genotypes to constitute the genetic basis of stable and highly productive argan cultivars. Such genotypes need a confirmation of their aptitude for cultivation through further investigation.
Keywords: Argania spinosa, Yield stability, AMMI model, GY interaction, Selection
Cite this paper: Mohamed Louay Metougui, Mimoun Mokhtari, Ouafae Benlhabib, AMMI Analysis of Yield Performances of Argan Genotypes (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) over Disparate Years and Preselection of Promising Trees, International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Vol. 7 No. 5, 2017, pp. 103-110. doi: 10.5923/j.ijaf.20170705.01.
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Figure 1. Interaction principal component axis (IPCA1) against average fruit yield (fruit number/m²) biplot of 52 argan genotypes and three years |
Figure 2. Interaction principal component axis (IPCA1) against average almond yield (g/m²) biplot of 52 argan genotypes and three years |
Figure 3. IPCA1 against IPCA2 biplot for almond yield (g/m²) of the 52 genotypes versus three years |
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