1. Introduction

Multiple works are being carried out in alternative energy field over all the world at present. Thus in several world countries, solar, wind, thermal water, hydroenergy, biomass, wave and other renewable energy potentials have been calculated[3,14,16] and these energy resources are being widely used now. For both energy supply and ecological problems solution renewable enrgy sources application is profitable from ecological facet per each country.Particularly in the countries or zones where cattle-breeding sector has developed perfectly biomass potential is able to be utilized in order to generate bigass energy[5,10,12]. The biogas can be used in any field of the life and also in different buildings to provide heating need. Biogasapplication practise exists and proved itself in the international level. Biogas energy plants as other reneable energy equipments are to be exploitated individually and in centralized form. Combined application of biogas lets good condition generation to utilize the current resources effectively in preventing environment from being polluted and reducing amount of the ecological questions formation[6,8]. At the same time forets safety and decreasing forest wood hewing biogas is one of the most beneficial cleen energy sources. Forests protection and reforestation are very actual matters now. It should be taken into considration that the initial reason of forest cutting comes from the heat demand of the population. Finally in order to delay fuelwood hewing[7,2,4] beside solar and wind energy potentials biomass potential is worthy source to generate biogas[15]. In the contact with woodlands for the purpose of supplying settlements with bogas energy the total amount of biomass reserve (wet brick) ought to be determined and calculated.

During organizing biogas generation population amount in the region, heat energy necessity and collected biomass reserve should be taken into account beforehand. Therefore around the investigation area, in thesettlements and villages surrounding Pirgulu region total amount of the polulation was determined statistically. Because while calculating biomass from the cattle-breeding husbandries this factor is important, at least. Potential determination is too necessary in order to validate biomass application.

In formating the energy sector initially energy stocks and reserves are to be calculated[9,16]. Whilst utilizing the energy stocks economical and ecological aspects have to be appreciated for vindicating the energy potential

exploitation in the life and different fields of industry sectors. Really almost in the former SSR period cattle -breeding husbandry was developed and extended in the country. But the waste of this industry field are partly used in cultivation of soils by fertilizing. The rest wates haven’t used anyway. Historically cattle-breeding wastes were utilized by the population as the energy source in dry brick [1,16] form especially there where finding energy sources was impossible in mountainous and foothil regions. But biogas generation didn’t come to their mind. Lately biogas usage leads to biomass utilization from cattle-breeding farms. Practically in German[3], Turkey[8] and other countries biogass generation is realized and they supply the local population with biogas source[11]. One of the companies who is busy with biogas energy plants purchase is russian one by name “Kiska”. This company proposed his energy plants to be instolate in some mountainous village on the mountainous zone. In this zone energy transportation and pipline building are difficult because of the natural condition andrelief state[5,13]. Some of the houses agreed to use these plants with working biomass resource. Effective result was obtained. So this proves that application and exploitation of the existing bimass potential in the regions of the country is possible and profitable. That’s the time to carry out this work in the connecting zones with the forests where hugely forest fuelwood is used for providing energy need. So the biomass potential has to be calculated and determined for validating the potential usage in advance.

2. Object and Methods of the Study

While selecting investigation zone the renewable energy potential reserve and location of the villages surrounding woodlands have been taken into consideration. One of such innate zone is Pirgulu region which is rich with wealthy flora, fauna on the Great Caucasus mountain in Shamakhi region. Pirgulu innate zone has a lot of renewable energy resources. Due to the objective of the investigation amount of families, populations in the settlements in the region have been determined and tabled below. Here not only the villages surrounding Pirgulu, also other villages in the region which carry the fuelwood from Pirgulu woodland were considered in calculations.

Also for the purpose of biogas generation and heat energy supply average amount of cattle (cow and buffalo) in the personal husbandry of one settlement on the total quantity has been determined. In the investigation zone in villages amount of biomass obtained from the personal cattle -breeding farms was revealed beforehand. Also the daily biomass (wet brick) weight from the cattle was defined and used in the calculation. During studying it was validated that

amount of cattle-breeding in surrounding zone of Pirgulu consists of 1338,25 buffalos, 2676,5 cows, total index is 4014,75. Averagely weight of biomass obtained from coq is 8-12 kg (sometimes 10 kg), weight of biomass obtained from buffalo is 15-20 kg (sometimes 17,5 kg). Due to the indicates above at table 2, average daily amount of biomass from cattle-breeding (cow and buffalo) has been determined and given at the table.

On indexes obtained after calculations realized in villages surrounding Pirgulu biogas amount generated from biomass collected in the personal cattle-breeding for each settlement has been calculated, then defined. Averagely 1m³ biogas is generated from 10 kg biomass, by this way in Avakhil village biomass obtained from cow in cattle-breeding farm per a person has been calculated. The result was 44 kg. but the daily biomass reserve averagely for Avakhil44×490=21560 kg cow biomass. So, during a day from this cow biomass averagely 21560÷10=2156 m³ biogas is generated.

In the very village biomass amount collected from buffalo per a person averagely is 47,3 kg. While taking into account all the population 47,3×490=23177 kg, so biogas generated from buffalo biomass will be 23177÷10=2317,7 m³.

Generally biogas quantity generated from cow and buffalo cattle-breeding biomass 2156+23177=25333 m³. by this way according to the population amount for other villagesaverage daily biomass quantity and biogas capacity generated from this biomass were determined. The results of thecalculation have been given at the following table correspondingly.

Table 1. Amount of the population living in villages surrounding Pirgulu State Nature Preserve № Villages Family amount Population amount   Average family member Buffalo amountper a person Cow amount per a person 1 Avakhil 99 490 4,9 2,7 4,4 2 Chabani 76 387 6 3,4 4,9 3 Chukhuryurd 794 1048 1,32 1,3 2,5 4 Dedegunesh 52 198 3,8 4,7 4,5 5 Demirchi 102 582 5,7 2,3 4,5 6 Ahmadli 123 502 5 2,7 3,3 7 Angakharan 196 856 4,4 1,6 3,2 8 Archiman 139 856 4,4 1,6 3,2 9 Hajili 73 365 5 1 4,6 10 I Chagan 44 365 5 3,6 3,3 11 II Chagan 36 149 4,2 4,3 4,7 12 Kechmeddin 51 211 4,1 2,9 5,8 13 Galaderesi 36 143 4 2,9 6,1 14 Galeybugurd 192 801 4,2 2,6 5,2 15 Gizmeydan 258 1114 4,3 4,4 3,8 16 Gonagkend 166 829 5 3,4 4,9 17 Gurdtepe 139 804 6 1,7 3,5 18 Meysari 162 690 4,2 1,2 2,4 19 Malham 414 1392 3,4 1,6 3,4 20 Nagarakhana 212 864 4 1,7 3,3 21 Pirbayli 38 184 5 1,9 3,9 22 Pirgulu settlement 6 41 6,8 × × 23 Safali 31 134 4,3 1 1,9 24 Sis 79 348 4,4 1,9 3,9 25 Talishnuru 77 317 4,1 1 1,9 26 Yeni Gizmeydan 23 95 4,1 1,5 3 27 Zarat Kheyberi 40 233 5,8 3,3 6 sum: 27 villages (one settlement) 3658 13546 Average 4,5 3 4,2

Table 2. Biomass amount in personal cattle farms in villages surrounding Pirgulu State Nature Preserve № Villages Average daily buffalo biomass amount, kg Average daily cow biomass amount, kg Average daily biomass amount from cattle, kg 1 Avakhil 47,3 44 45,7 2 Chabani 59,5 49 54,25 3 Chukhuryurd 22,8 25 23,9 4 Dedegunesh 82,3 45 63,65 5 Demirchi 40,3 45 42,65 6 Ahmadli 47,3 33 40,15 7 Angakharan 28 32 30 8 Archiman 28 32 30 9 Hajili 17,5 46 31,75 10 I Chagan 63 33 48 11 II Chagan 75,3 47 61,15 12 Kechmeddin 50,8 58 54,4 13 Galaderesi 50,8 61 55,9 14 Galeybugurd 45,5 52 97,5 15 Gizmeydan 77 38 57,5 16 Gonagkend 29,8 49 78,8 17 Gurdtepe 12,8 35 23,9 18 Meysari 21 24 22,5 19 Malham 28 34 31 20 Nagarakhana 29,8 33 62,8 21 Pirbayli 33,3 39 36,15 22 Pirgulu settlement × × × 23 Safali 17,5 19 18,25 24 Sis 26,3 30 28,15 25 Talishnuru 57,8 60 58,9 26 Yeni Gizmeydan 38,5 42 40,25 27 Zarat Kheyberi 85,8 54 69,9 sum: 27 villages (one settlement) 43 40,7 46,5

Table 3. Average index of biomass and biogas potential obtained in the settlements on populations’ amount № Villages Buffalo biomass due to population amount (kg) Cow biomass due to population amount (kg) Biogas from buffalo (м3) Biogas from cow (м3) 1 Avakhil 23177 21560 2318 2156 2 Chabani 23026,5 18963 2303 1897 3 Chukhuryurd 23894,4 26200 2390 2620 4 Dedegunesh 16295,4 8910 1630 891 5 Demirchi 23454,6 26190 2346 2619 6 Ahmadli 23744,6 16566 2375 1657 7 Angakharan 23968 27392 2397 2740 8 Archiman 10237,5 26910 1024 2691 9 Hajili 22995 12045 2300 1205 10 I Chagan 13855,2 8648 1386 865 11 II Chagan 7569,2 9089 757 909 12 Kechmeddin 16247 8018 1625 802 13 Galaderesi 4261,4 7007 427 701 14 Galeybugurd 10252,8 28035 1026 2804 15 Gizmeydan 23394 26736 2340 2674 16 Gonagkend 23212 28186 2322 2819 17 Gurdtepe 23959,2 26532 2396 2654 18 Meysari 22977 26910 2298 2691 19 Malham 24360 26448 2436 2645 20 Nagarakhana 22723,2 25920 2273 2592 21 Pirbayli 10635,2 11040 10636 1104 22 Pirgulu settlement × × × × 23 Safali 11497,2 7236 1150 724 24 Sis 23142 24360 2313 2436 25 Talishnuru 9985,5 19971 9986 1998 26 Yeni Gizmeydan 5652,5 4085 5653 409 27 Zarat Kheyberi 23253,4 23300 23254 2330 sum: 27 villages (one settlement) 467769,8 496257 91361 49633

Table 4. Biomass and biogas generation from cow farms in villages surrounding Pirgulu State Nature Preserve № Villages Cow amount per a person (head) Average dailyBiomass kg average annual biomass kg Average annualbiogas generation m3 Average monthly biogas generation m3 Demand provision reserve % 1 Avakhil 4,4 88 31680 3168 264 58 2 Chabani 4,9 98 35280 3528 294 65 3 Chukhuryurd 2,5 50 18000 1800 150 33 4 Dedegunesh 4,5 90 32400 3240 270 60 5 Demirchi 4,5 90 32400 3240 270 60 6 Ahmadli 3,3 66 23760 2376 198 44 7 Angakharan 3,2 64 23040 2304 192 42 8 Archiman 3,2 64 23040 2304 192 42 9 Hajili 4,6 92 33120 3312 276 61 10 I Chagan 3,3 66 23760 2376 198 44 11 II Chagan 4,7 94 33840 3384 282 62 12 Kechmeddin 5,8 116 41760 4176 348 77 13 Galaderesi 6,1 122 43920 4392 366 81 14 Galeybugurd 5,2 104 37440 3744 312 69 15 Gizmeydan 3,8 76 27360 2736 228 50 16 Gonagkend 4,9 98 35280 3528 294 65 17 Gurdtepe 3,5 70 25200 2520 210 46 18 Meysari 2,4 48 17280 1728 144 32 19 Malham 3,4 68 24480 2448 204 45 20 Nagarakhana 3,3 66 23760 2376 198 44 21 Pirbayli 3,9 78 28080 2808 234 52 22 Pirgulu settlement × × × × × × 23 Safali 1,9 38 13680 1368 114 25 24 Sis 3,9 78 28080 2808 234 52 25 Talishnuru 1,9 38 13680 1368 114 25 26 Yeni Gizmeydan 3 60 21600 2160 180 40 27 Zarat Kheyberi 6 120 43200 4320 360 80 sum: 27 villages (one settlement) average 4,2 78,5 28273,8 2827,4 235,6 52

Table 5. Biomass and biogas reserves from buffalo farms in villages surrounding Pirgulu State Nature Preserve № Villages Buffalo amount per a person Average daily biomass,kg Annual biomass index kg Annual biogas generation m3 Average monthly biogas generation m3 Demand provision reserve% 1 Avakhil 2,7 67,5 24300 2430 202,5 45 2 Chabani 3,4 85 30600 3060 255 56 3 Chukhuryurd 1,3 32,5 11700 1170 97,5 21 4 Dedegunesh 4,7 117,5 42300 4230 352,5 78 5 Demirchi 2,3 57,5 20700 2070 172,5 38 6 Ahmadli 2,7 67,5 24300 2430 202,5 45 7 Angakharan 1,6 40 14400 1440 120 26 8 Archiman 1,6 40 14400 1440 120 26 9 Hajili 1 25 9000 900 75 16 10 I Chagan 3,6 90 32400 3240 270 60 11 II Chagan 4,3 107,5 38700 3870 322,5 71 12 Kechmeddin 2,9 72,5 26100 2610 217,5 48 13 Galaderesi 2,9 72,5 26100 2610 217,5 48 14 Galeybugurd 2,6 65 23400 2340 195 43 15 Gizmeydan 4,4 110 39600 3960 330 73 16 Gonagkend 3,4 85 30600 3060 255 56 17 Gurdtepe 1,7 42,5 15300 1530 127,5 28 18 Meysari 1,2 30 10800 1080 90 20 19 Malham 1,6 40 14400 1440 120 26 20 Nagarakhana 1,7 42,5 15300 1530 127,5 28 21 Pirbayli 1,9 47,5 17100 1710 142,5 31 22 Pirgulu settlement × × × × × × 23 Safali 1 25 9000 900 75 16 24 Sis 1,9 47,5 17100 1710 142,5 31 25 Talishnuru 1 25 9000 900 75 16 26 Yeni Gizmeydan 1,5 37,5 13500 1350 112,5 25 27 Zarat Kheyberi 3,3 82,5 29700 2970 247,5 55 sum: 27 villages (one settlement) average 3 60 21530,8 2154 179,5 39,5

Table 6. Total biogas reserv from both husbandry in the surrounding villages № Biomass potential in the villages Biogas fromcow husbandry% Biogas frombuffalo husbandry% Total average biogas% 1 Avakhil village with 490 peoples, 2,7 buffalos, 4,4 cows per a person, average total biomass is 22368,5 kg on cattle-breeding 58 45 52 2 Chabani village with 387 peoples, 3,4 buffalos, 4,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 20994,8 kg on cattle-breeding 65 56 61 3 Chukhuryurd village with 1048 peoples, 1,3 buffalos, 2,5 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25047,2 kg on cattle farm 33 21 27 4 Dedegunesh village with 198 peoples, 4,7 buffalos, 4,7 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25047,2 kg on cattle-breeding 60 78 69 5 Demirchi village with 582 peoples, 2,3 buffalos, 4,5 cows per a person, average total biomass is 24822,3 kg on cattle-breeding 60 38 49 6 Ahmedli village with 502 peoples, 2,7 buffalos, 3,3 cows per a person, average total biomass is 32566,45 kg on cattle-breeding 44 45 45 7 Angekharan village with 856 peoples, 1,6 buffalos, 3,2 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25680 kg on cattle-breeding 42 26 34 8 Archiman village with 856 peoples, 1,6 buffalos, 3,2 cows per a person, average total biomass is 18573,75 kg on cattle-breeding 42 26 34 9 Hajili village with 365 peoples, 1 buffalo, 2,4 cows per a person, average total biomass is 17520 kg on cattle-breeding 61 16 39 10 I Chagan village with 365 peoples, 3,6 buffalos, 3,3 cows per a person, average total biomass is 11251,6 kg on cattle-breeding 44 60 52 11 II Chagan village with 149 peoples, 4,3 buffalos, 4,7 cows per a person, average total biomass is 8329,1 kg on cattle-breeding 62 71 67 12 Kechmeddin village with 211 peoples, 2,9 buffalos, 5,8 cows per a person, average total biomass is 12132,5 kg on cattle-breeding 77 48 63 13 Galaderesi village with 143 peoples, 2,9 buffalos, 6,1 cows per a person, average total biomass is 5634,2 kg on cattle-breeding 81 48 65 14 Galeybugurd village with 801 peoples, 2,6 buffalos, 5,2 cows per a person, average total biomass is 19143,9 kg on cattle-breeding 69 43 56 15 Pirbeyli village with 1114 peoples, 4,4 buffalos, 3,8 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25065 kg on cattle-breeding 50 73 61,5 16 Gonagkend village with 829 peoples, 3,4 buffalos, 4,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25699 kg on cattle-breeding 65 56 60,5 17 Gurdtepe village with 804 peoples, 3,4 buffalos, 4,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25245,6 kg on cattle-breeding 46 28 37 18 Pirbeyli village with 690 peoples, 1,2 buffalos, 2,4 cows per a person, average total biomass is 24943,5 kg on cattle-breeding 32 20 26 19 Malham village with 192 peoples, 1,6 buffalos, 3,4 cows per a person, average total biomass is 25404 kg on cattle-breeding 45 26 36 20 Nagarakhana village with 864 peoples, 1,7 buffalos, 3,3 cows per a person, average total biomass is 48643,2 kg on cattle-breeding 44 28 36 21 Pirbeyli village with 184 peoples, 1,9 buffalos, 3,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 10837,6 kg on cattle-breeding 52 31 42 22 Pirgulu settlemnet × × × 23 Safali village with 134 peoples, 1 buffalo, 1,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 9366,6 kg on cattle-breeding 25 16 21 24 Sis village with 134 peoples, 1,9 buffalos, 3,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 23751 kg on cattle-breeding 52 31 42 25 Talishnuru village with 137 peoples, 1 buffalo, 1,9 cows per a person, average total biomass is 14978,25 kg on cattle-breeding 25 16 21 26 II Gizmeydan village with 95 peoples, 1,5 buffalos, 3 cows per a person, average total biomass is 4868,75 kg on cattle-breeding 40 25 33 27 Pirbeyli village with 233 peoples, 3,3 buffalos, 6 cows per a person, average total biomass is 1217,19 kg on cattle-breeding 80 55 68 Sum: 27 villages (included one settlement) average 52 39,5 46

From the table it is cleared that in 31 villages including one settlement around Pirgulu region averagely total biomass amount obtained from cow and buffalo husbandries will be 562713,9+605307=1168021 kg. Total capacity of biogas generated from the very biomass is 102278+60540=162818 m³. in Pirgulu zone of Shamakhi region in 27 settlements in the personal cattle-breeding farms average daily biomass amount (by 20 kg biomass weight) from cow farm was calculated and determined. At the result (1 m³ biogas from 10 kg biomass) average annual and average monthly biogas generation, at the same time percentage index of total average monthly biogas potential in supplying gas demand was calculated.

Also by the new method average daily, annual biomass potential from buffalo farms (average weight is 25 kg) and on this basis average annual and monthly biogas generation, then percentage index of biogas in total average monthly gas demand provision was calculated and defined.

Finally after having clarified biomass potential obtained from both cattle-breeding farms, it was revealed that biogas generation can provide the total gas demand averagely (52+39,5)÷2=46%.

Also on the base of results the biomass potential possibilities have been determined for biogas generation. This gives opportunity to the investors to put capital for this energy field.

3. Results and Discussions

In the direction of renewable energy potential assessment and appreciation of Pirgulu region research was firstly realized. According to the monitoring, investigations and calculations carried out in 2004-2010 years in the region, beside solar and wind energy potentials of the zone biomass resource has been calculated. Total amount is enough for biogas generation in the villages surrounding Pirgulu region. All biomass has been obtained from cattle-breeding farms. Due to the reference analysis it is clear that none of the region of Azerbaijan including Pirgulu biomass potential for generating biogas hasn’t implemented before. In settlements of investigation area several renewable energy potentials are to be utilized together in settlements located aroundwoodlands for supplying heat energy potential provision. In spite of solar and wind energy reserves biomass potential can be used in biogas generation. Personal cattle-breeding husbandries crate the suitable condition for collecting biomass reserves. This energy potential holds economical and ecological advantages for the population and the government. Because the biomass obtained from cattle farms is collected periodically and biogas generated from this biomass is able to supply the holder of that husbandry with gas for heating his house and farm. This is the irreplaceable energy source instead of fuelwood cut from the forests.

4. Conclusions

Calculations and observations have been realized in 31 settlements around the investigation area. Finally the the conclusions have been come into:

• Personal cattle-breeding consists of 4014,75 including 1338,25 buffalos and 2676,5 cows;

• In 31 settlments there are averagely 3,6 buffalos, 4,6 cows per a person, total amount is 3,9 from both;

• Average biomass amount due to the population biomass amount was determined 562713,9 kg from buffalo and 605307 kg from cow, total biomass from cattle-breeding farms is 1168020,9 kg;

• Biogas generation consists averagly of 102278 m³ from buffalo biomass and 60540 m³ from cow biomass collected inthe personal husbandries, the total amount is 162818 m³.

It has been revealed on the reports realized in Pirgulu region since 2004 year, biomass energy potential holds great importance for protecting fuelwood from forests andsupplying energy need in the villages. There is enough biomass potential in the personal cattle-breeding husbandries.