International Journal of Diabetes Research
p-ISSN: 2163-1638 e-ISSN: 2163-1646
2020; 9(2): 43-47
doi:10.5923/j.diabetes.20200902.03
Received: July 8, 2020; Accepted: July 24, 2020; Published: August 15, 2020
Satria Abi Dileyon 1, Marselina Irasonia Tan 1, Felicia Kartawidjajaputra 2
1School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
2Health & Nutrition Science Department, Nutrifood Research Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence to: Felicia Kartawidjajaputra , Health & Nutrition Science Department, Nutrifood Research Center, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Scientific & Academic Publishing.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Insulin Resistance (IR) is the onset pathological condition that emerges before the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The development of IR condition is very difficult to observe. The initial stage of this condition does not show significant symptoms. Therefore, biomarkers are needed to detect this condition early and accurately. Zonulin is a protein that plays a role in regulating intestinal permeability and might be potential as an IR biomarker. Recent studies have shown the association of zonulin with T2DM and other metabolic diseases. However, there have been no studies showing zonulin profile in subjects at risk of IR and its response towards healthy lifestyle intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the profile of zonulin in the blood plasma of subjects at risk of IR (n = 16 persons) relative to T2DM subjects (n = 3 persons) and healthy subjects (n = 42 persons), as well as changes after the intervention of red rice consumption and physical exercise for 3 months. The intervention included red rice consumption five days per week (250 grams / serving), physical exercise 150 minutes per week, and counseling once every two weeks. Plasma zonulin was measured semi-quantitatively using the sandwich ELISA method. The results showed a significant difference in plasma zonulin OD (p <0.001) between the three groups. In T2DM and IR subjects, plasma zonulin profile was 9.9 times (2.437 ± 0.290) and 3.1 times (0.767 ± 0.575) higher than healthy subjects (0.246 ± 0.167) respectively. After 3 months of red rice consumption and physical exercise, there was no significant change in glycemic profile, in both IR and healthy subject. Interestingly, the plasma zonulin in IR subjects decreased significantly (p = 0.019), to an average value (0.276 ± 0.106) which was almost the same as the healthy subjects (0.264 ± 0.170). Thus, zonulin appeared to be more responsive as a marker of lifestyle intervention than the commonly used glycemic parameters.
Keywords: Zonulin, Insulin Resistance, Diabetes Mellitus, Lifestyle Intervention, Early Marker
Cite this paper: Satria Abi Dileyon , Marselina Irasonia Tan , Felicia Kartawidjajaputra , Zonulin as a Responsive Marker for Lifestyle Intervention: A Preliminary Study, International Journal of Diabetes Research, Vol. 9 No. 2, 2020, pp. 43-47. doi: 10.5923/j.diabetes.20200902.03.
Figure 1. Plasma zonulin profiles of T2DM, IR, and healthy subjects |
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Figure 2. Plasma Zonulin Profile Before and After Intervention |