Applied Mathematics

p-ISSN: 2163-1409    e-ISSN: 2163-1425

2020;  10(2): 28-33

doi:10.5923/j.am.20201002.02

Received: Sep. 16, 2020; Accepted: Oct. 12, 2020; Published: Oct. 26, 2020

 

Solving Fourth Order Boundary Value Problem by Using Extended Quantic B-spline Interpolation

Intidhar Zamil Mushtt, Saad Shakir Mahmood, Dunya Mohamed Hamed

Mustansiriyah University, College of Education, Baghdad, Iraq

Correspondence to: Intidhar Zamil Mushtt, Mustansiriyah University, College of Education, Baghdad, Iraq.

Email:

Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Scientific & Academic Publishing.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to solve the fourth order boundary value problem by using quantic b-spline where the rectangular system be solved by using singular value decomposition technique (SVD), and because the solution is not unique we used the least square optimization to optimal the numerical solution of the BVP. Numerical results are reported where we make a comparison between the exact solution and the approximate solution using the new technique.

Keywords: Quantic b-spline, Fourth order BVP, Approximate solution, Exact solution, SVD

Cite this paper: Intidhar Zamil Mushtt, Saad Shakir Mahmood, Dunya Mohamed Hamed, Solving Fourth Order Boundary Value Problem by Using Extended Quantic B-spline Interpolation, Applied Mathematics, Vol. 10 No. 2, 2020, pp. 28-33. doi: 10.5923/j.am.20201002.02.

1. Introduction

Differential equations are an important tool in constructing mathematical models for physical phenomena. This modeling allows for a much clearer understanding and interpretation of the particular event. Finding the analytical and approximate solution of these models with boundary conditions thus becomes essential. Many analytical and approximate methods were developed solution of ordinary differential equation with boundary value conditions and a many these method as [1,2,3,4].
In this paper, the approximate solution of fourth order boundary value problem will be determine via Quantic B-spline, and comparisons with current studie will be made in the literature where the extended are given by the continuous least square optimization.
Since the fourth order B.V.P which is in the from:
(1)
Such that , and
Where are all constants, and are all a continuous functions defined on interval .
Hence there has been much research activity concerning B-spline for solving boundary value problem we refer the reader [5,6,7,8,9,10].
Quantic B-spline interpolation method [11]
The interval of domain has been subdivided as
To provide the support for the quantic B-spline near the end boundaries, ten additional knots have been introduced as
and
The basis function of quantic B-spline are as:
(2)
The set of quantic B-spline form a basis over the region the global approximation defined using quantic B-spline:
(3)
By [12], The nodal value of and it's derivatives of to fourth order are given in terms of the parameters from the use of spline (2) and the trial solution (3).
Definition: [13]
Any real number matrix can be decomposed as where is and column orthogonal (it's column are eigenvectors of )
and orthogonal (it's column are eigenvectors of )
diagonal (non-negative real values called singular values)
order so that (if is a singular value of it's square is an eigenvalue of ).
Extended Quantic B-spline by using SVD and continuous least square error
Consider the Fourth order BVP:
On such that , where are a continuous function defined on , and are all constants.
The quantic B-spline is defined in equation (2)
Then
And
Let , be an approximate solution of equation (1) where is unknown real coefficients, let are grid points in the interval and also in order to get a matrix of transactions that is contrary to the matrix of transaction that is contrary to the matrix from behind to make the image on the following form:
This system can be written in matrix form as follows such that
Where
And
The singular decomposition of has the form so
and
So
let then
and
Hence
then we have
be the solution of ODE by Quintic B-spline on the interval
The last equation can be solved by using continuous least square error to obtain the values of the constants with make the difference between the left-hand side and the right –hand side of BVP (1) is minimum.
Example 1: Consider the following ODE
With boundary conditions and the exact solution is
Now let then
This system can be written as follows:-
Such that
And
Since be the values of the coefficient
Table (1). Shows the Extended B-spline with exact solution for the example
     

2. Conclusions

Fourth order boundary value problem solved by using the extended quantic B-spline with continuous Least Square approximation and singular value decomposition technique. The numerical results showed that the extended quantic B-spline approximations are considered very well.

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