Advances in Life Sciences
p-ISSN: 2163-1387 e-ISSN: 2163-1395
2015; 5(3): 53-57
doi:10.5923/j.als.20150503.01
Majid Mahdieh1, Mitra Noori1, Simin Hoseinkhani2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
2MSc student of Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
Correspondence to: Mitra Noori, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
Email: |
Copyright © 2015 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Flavonoids are the principal bioactive components of the medicinal plant Rumex crispus, to which various diverse pharmacological properties are attributed. Adventitious root culture of leaf explants of R. crispus was established using different MS media supplemented by different concentrations of Auxins and a combination of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Kinetin (Kn) for growth and flavonoids production. NAA was more effective than Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) to induce adventitious roots. 5 µM NAA treatments had the most number of roots. Maximum root length and root fresh weight were obtained in 0.5 µM Kn. 0.5 µM Kn using in combination with NAA in culture medium increased root fresh weight. Results of 2-dimensional paper and thin layer chromatography of the samples extracts showed that hormons are influenced flavonoids in culture medium. The combination of NAA and Kinetin in culture medium reduced or suppressed Myricetin and Naringenin production and increased number of aglycones. Quercetin was not found in root on medium containing 0.5 µM Kn. Isorhamnetin, Kaempferol, Rhamnetin and Rutin were found in all of treatments that had produced roots. It is believed that root flavonoids are related to root growth, development and differentiation in R. Crispus species.
Keywords: Adventitious root, Auxin, Cytokinin, Flavonoids, Rumex crispus
Cite this paper: Majid Mahdieh, Mitra Noori, Simin Hoseinkhani, Studies of in vitro Adventitious Root Induction and Flavonoid Profiles in Rumex crispus, Advances in Life Sciences, Vol. 5 No. 3, 2015, pp. 53-57. doi: 10.5923/j.als.20150503.01.
|
Figure 2. Adventitious root formation from in vitro leaf explants in the medium containing: A. 5 µM NAA or B. 0.5 µM Kn |
|
[1] | EL-BAKRY AA, MOSTAFA HAM, ALAM AE. 2012. Antioxidant activity of Rumex vesicarius L. at the vegetative stage of growth. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, 5:111-117. |
[2] | NOORI M, CHEHREGHANI A, KAVEH M. 2009. Flavonoids of 17 species of Euphorbia, (Euphorbiaceae) in Iran. Toxicol Environ Chem, 91: 631-641. |
[3] | RAO KNV, SUNITHA CH, BANGI D, SANDHYA S, MAHESH V. 2011. A study on the nutraceuticals from the genus Rumex. Hygeia J D Med, 3:76-88. |
[4] | ORBAN-GYAPAI O, RAGHAVAN A, VASAS A, FORGO P, HOHMANN J, SHAH ZA. 2014. Flavonoids isolated from Rumex aquaticus exhibit neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties by enhancing neurite outgrowth and synaptophysin. CNS NeurolDisord Drug Targets, 13:1458-1464. |
[5] | NOORI M. 2012. Phytochemicals, A Global Perspective of Their Role in Nutrition and Health. In Tech; Chapter 7, Flavonoids in some Iranian Angiosperms; p. 151-166. |
[6] | CHANDRA S, CHANDRA R. 2011. Engineering secondary metabolite production in hairy roots. Phytochem Rev, 10:371-395. |
[7] | YOSHIKAWA T, FURUYA T. 1987. Saponin production by cultures of Panax ginseng transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Cell Rep, 6:449-453. |
[8] | HAHN EJ, KIM YS, YU KW, JEONG CS, PAEK KY. 2003. Adventitious root cultures of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer and ginsenoside production through large scale bioreactor systems. J Plant Biotech, 5:1-6. |
[9] | YU KW, MURTHY HN, JEONG CS, HAHN EJ, PAEK KY. 2005. Organic germanium stimulates the growth of ginseng adventitious roots and ginsenoside production. Process Biochem, 40: 2959-2961. |
[10] | MURTHY HN, HAHN EJ, PAEK KY. 2008. Adventitious roots and secondary metabolism. Chin J Biotech, 24: 711-716. |
[11] | ROWINSY EK, CAZENAVE LA, DONEHOWER RC. 1990. Taxol: a novel investigational anti microtubule agent: Review. J. National Cancer Institute, 82: 1247-1259. |
[12] | TOMOYOSHI A, MASAYUKI I, TOSHIO A, SHIN-ICHI A. 2005. Isoflavonoid production by adventitious root cultures of Iris germanica (Iridaceae). Plant Biotech, 22: 207-215. |
[13] | CHOI SM, SON SH, YUN SR, PAEK KY. 2000. Pilot-scale culture of adventitious roots of ginseng in a bioreactor system. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult, 62: 187-193. |
[14] | YU KW, GAO WY, HAHN EJ, PAEK KY. 2001. Effects of macro elements and nitrogen source on adventitious root growth and ginsenoside production in ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). J Plant Biol, 44: 179-184. |
[15] | KIM YS, HAHN EJ, MURTHY HN, PAEK KY. 2004. Effect of polyploidy induction on biomass and ginsenoside accumulations in adventitious roots of ginseng. J Plant Biol, 147: 356-360. |
[16] | LEE EJ, MOBIN ME, HAHN EJ, PAEK KY. 2006. Effects of sucrose, inoculums density, auxins and aerator volume on cell growth of Gymmema sylvestre. J. Plant Biol, 49: 427-431. |
[17] | MURASHIGE T, SKOOG F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant, 15: 473-497. |
[18] | MABRY TJ, MARKHAM KR, THOMAS MB. 1970. The systematic identification of flavonoids. Springer Verlag, Berlin. |
[19] | MARKHAM KR. 1982. Techniques of Flavonoid Identification. Academic Press, London. |
[20] | HARBORNE JB. 1998. Phytochemistry methods. Chapman and Hall, London. |
[21] | NARAYAN MS, THIMMARAJU R, BHAGYALAKSHMI N. 2005. Interplay of growth regulators during solid state and liquid-state batch cultivation of anthocyanin producing cell line of Daucus carota. Process Biochem, 40: 351-358. |
[22] | KLERK GJD, BRUGGE JT, MARINOVA S. 1997. Effectiveness of Indole-3-acetic acid, Indole-3-butyric acid, α-Naphthalene acetic acid during adventitious root formation in vitro in Malus. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult, 49: 39-44. |
[23] | PURI S, SHAMET GS. 1988. Rooting of some social forestry species. International Tree Crops J, 5: 63-70. |
[24] | LEE EJ. 2009. Biomass and bioactive compounds production through bioreactor cultures of adventitious roots in Eleutherococcus koreanum. Ph.D. Thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, Korea. |
[25] | HILL RA, TUSKAN GA, BOE AA. 1989. In vitro propagation of Hosta sieboldiana using excised ovaries from immature florets. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult, 17: 71-75. |
[26] | PANICHAYUPAKARANANT P, TEWTRAKUL S. 2002. Plumbagin production by root cultures of Plumbago rosea. J Biotech, 5: 228-232. |
[27] | LUCZKIEWICS M, GLOD D. 2003. Callus culture of Genista plants– in vitro material producing high amount of isoflavones phytoestrogenic activity. Plant Sci, 165: 1101-1108. |
[28] | MAURMANN N, DECARVALHO CMB, SILVA AL, FETT-NETO AG, VONPOSER GL, RECH SB. 2006. Valepotriates accumulation in callus, suspension cells and untransformed root culture of Valeriana gelechomifolia. In vitro Cell Dev Pl, 42: 50-53. |
[29] | CURIR P, VANSUMERE CF, TERMINI A, BARTHE P, MARCHESIN A, DOLCI M. 1990. Flavonoid accumulation is correlated with adventitious roots formation in Eucalyptus gunnii Hook micropropagated through axillary bud stimulation. Plant Physiology, 92: 1148–1153. |