1. Introduction

Neurological disorders in children are increasingly prevalent today. Early detection significantly facilitates correction and helps prevent serious consequences [2]. Many neurological conditions may initially present with subtle or hidden symptoms, making regular neurological check-ups from an early age critically important [5]. Problem behaviors such as hyperactivity, tantrums, and aggression may mask serious underlying conditions that require attention. Excessive stimulation of the nervous system can hinder the brain’s harmonious development.

Currently, mental spectrum disorders (MSDs) are widely considered neurodevelopmental conditions, characterized by highly unbalanced brain development and impaired neural connectivity [4]. Despite the rising incidence of such disorders, public and professional awareness remains limited.

Effective intervention in microcephaly (MC) depends on biological, psychological, and social factors. Among these, the social factor is one of the most accessible and important. A child with autism is limited in external interactions, with the “parental factor” often serving as the primary social influence—shaping all other social interactions. This imposes significant responsibility on the parents of children with mental disorders, a burden not all are prepared to bear [3].

The methodology of MCRT therapy is based on behavioral modeling. Various techniques are employed to achieve behavioral improvements, including task analysis, stepwise instruction, prompting, generalization, and video modeling [3]. These approaches are effective in promoting positive behavioral changes, enabling the acquisition of new skills and enhancing social adaptation.

Objective. To assess the impact of microcurrent therapy on the psychoemotional functioning of children with microcephaly.

2. Materials and Methods

The study involved 100 children aged 3 to 7 years diagnosed with microcephaly.

3. Results

The combined use of microcurrent reflexotherapy with neurotropic agents such as cortexin or actovegin showed clinical improvement in 74–76% of cases. This was 20–22% higher (p<0.05) compared to results from patients who received only repeated courses of MCRT without neurotropic support.

Integrating rehabilitation techniques based on MCRT with neurotropic medication, speech therapy massage, and sessions with a speech therapist contributed to enhanced speech development.

Notable improvements included increased vocabulary, reduced grammatical errors, better phoneme differentiation and articulation, development of complex syntactic constructions, and reduced symptoms of pseudobulbar syndrome. These improvements were observed in 35% of patients with the torpid form, 32% with the irritable form, and 41% with the apatho-abulic form of microcephaly.

The incorporation of MCRT in the rehabilitation program, along with neurotropic support, also resulted in significant cognitive improvements. Among children with the torpid form, 66.7% demonstrated improved constructional abilities, spatial reasoning, and the ability to follow multistep instructions. Similar improvements were observed in 51.8% of those with the irritable form and 37.9% with the atonic-astatic form.

A comparative analysis of both short- and long-term outcomes (over six months) revealed stable retention of acquired motor skills and further enhancement of psycho-speech functions.

Specifically, the percentage of children with the irritable form of microcephaly achieving age-appropriate speech levels increased to 37.0%, while among those with the torpid form, it reached 18.0%. This effect is likely due to the stimulation of neuronal growth in speech-related brain centers and the activation of self-repair mechanisms.

A consistent correlation was found between clinical improvement following medical rehabilitation and changes in brain bioelectrical activity, notably increased alpha and beta rhythms and suppression of bilateral slow-wave activity.

These findings support the potential use of these indicators as prognostic markers for evaluating the success of rehabilitation methods in preschool-aged children with microcephaly.

4. Conclusions

It is crucial to verify all treatment information carefully. Self-treatment based on unverified sources without medical consultation is strongly discouraged.

Caution should be exercised regarding alternative approaches. The potential risks and benefits of methods lacking scientific validation must be critically evaluated.

Thus, microcurrent reflexotherapy should be considered only as an adjunctive component in the comprehensive treatment of pediatric microcephaly, rather than as a primary or definitive intervention. All therapeutic decisions should be made exclusively in consultation with a qualified physician.