1. Introduction

The liver plays a key role in the normal functioning of the hemostasis system. Therefore, liver failure is accompanied by many changes in this system. For example, the liver plays a key role in primary and secondary hemostasis. It is the site of synthesis of all coagulation factors and their inhibitors, except von Willebrand factor, and the activated factor is responsible for the destruction of inhibitor complexes [2].

Body temperature is one of the most important parameters of homeostasis. The optimal body temperature is effective in metabolic reactions, plastic processes, and regeneration of structures, as well as a necessary factor for the functioning of the whole body [1,11].

Changes in the digestive tract at high ambient temperatures are primarily associated with a decrease in motility and absorption processes, a decrease in the activity of proteolytic enzymes, and a change in the enzymatic activity of intestinal juice [4]. It was found that brain metabolism increases during hyperthermia, but in parallel the blood supply does not correspond to this increase, which leads to its ischemia [6].

Based on clinical observations, a number of authors came to the conclusion that changes in blood composition occur when liver function is disturbed.

It should be taken into account that protein catabolism in the body increases under the influence of a hot climate [7].

It was found that under the influence of high temperature in the human body, there is a significant decrease in the concentration of total protein in blood serum, including fibrinogen because fibrinogen is synthesized by liver cells and plays one of the main roles in the hemostasis system [9].

In addition, the liver is a unique organ that participates in many metabolic processes in the body and compensatory reactions to injuries. Therefore, it is particularly relevant to study the morphological and functional changes that develop in this organ under the influence of a hot climate. It should be taken into account that changes in the protein-synthesizing function of the liver affect the level of blood clotting factors [8].

Changes in the hemostasis system play an especially important role among many processes underlying the pathogenetic effect of hyperthermia on cells, tissues, and organs of a living organism [5].

Acute liver injury is associated with unique changes in the hemostasis system. Patients with liver disease often have a poorly balanced hemostasis system, making them easily susceptible to bleeding or thrombotic complications when overstimulated. In addition, some clinical studies have shown that components of the hemostasis system contribute to the development of liver disease. There is a strong fundamental basis for these clinical studies. Both exposure to toxic xenobiotics and surgical approaches are called for in rodents and large animals to model chronic and acute liver diseases. We emphasize the therapeutic application of knowledge gained from highly used animal models to better understand the relationship between liver disease and the hemostasis system in patients [10].

2. Purpose of the Study

To determine the characteristics of some internal factors of the hemostasis system thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen plasma (FP) in toxic hepatitis caused by tetrachloromethane in hot climates.

3. Research Materials and Method

Researches were carried out in 48 male white rats with an initial weight of 180-220 g in the interdisciplinary scientific research laboratory of the Tashkent Medical Academy.

The animals were brought 2 weeks before the start of the study and kept in quarantine in vivarium conditions. Rats weakened during this period were not taken for the study. During this time, healthy animals were adapted to the new conditions of the vivarium.

To induce tetrachloromethane acute toxic hepatitis model, rats were injected intraperitoneally with tetrachloromethane twice a day and twice a week in the form of a 40% olive oil solution at a dose of 0.2 ml/100 g. Samples for analysis were taken on 3-7-15 in the control and experimental groups. The hemostasis system was implemented using the automatic coagulometer analyzer "ACLTOP350CTS" (USA) in the HemosIL test set in the laboratory of "GENOTECHNOLOGY" LLC.

4. The Obtained Results and Their Analysis

Internal factors of hemostasis system - TT and FP indicators in control group rats

It is known from the studies of a number of authors that some indicators of hemostasis in rats differ from those obtained in donor human plasma. Therefore, the condition of the hemostasis system was studied in animals of the control group as a reference unit.

Here are the indicators:

1. TT (thrombin time) – 14.02 sec

2. FP (fibrinogen plasma) was 3.34 g/l, and it was observed that these parameters reliably changed in the research groups.

On the 3rd day of the study, internal factors of the hemostasis system in rats - indicators of TT and FP

In the study group, the above parameters of the hemostasis system were not significantly different when compared with the animals of the control group. The following data were obtained:

1. On this day of the study, it was found that TT, which is one of the important indicators of coagulation hemostasis, was 14.7 seconds, which was 5% higher than the reference unit indicator (14.02 seconds), i.e. 14.7 seconds.

2. During this period, when the amount of FP calculated as the last stage of blood coagulation was determined, it was observed that it increased by 3.3% and reached 3.45 g/l in animals of the control group compared to the rats of the intact group.

On the 7th day of the study, internal factors of the hemostasis system in rats - indicators of TT and FP

When the above indicators were observed in the research dynamics, by the 7th day they were compared with the parameters of the control group and the initial period of the study, it was found that the parameters increased relatively:

1. An increase in TT was observed in the research dynamics (16.08 sec.), by 14.5% of the animals of the control group and it was found that it increased by 9.4% from the 3rd day of the study.

2. The amount of FP increased uniformly during all periods of the study and reached 3.9 g/l. This, in turn, was found to be 16.8% higher than the control group and 13% higher than the 3rd day of the study.

On the 15th day of the study, internal factors of the hemostasis system in rats - indicators of TT and FP

At the end of our study, on the 15th day, internal factors of the hemostasis system - TT and FP were checked, and it was observed that they increased sharply compared to the control group and the previous periods of the study:

1. TV also increased according to the duration of the study and reached 17.8 seconds. It was found that 27% of the animals of the control group were prolonged by the 7th day of the study to 10.7%.

2. The amount of FP increased to 4.75 g/l during the entire study. It was found that it increased by 42.2% from the control group, by 37.7% on the 3rd day of the study (3.45 g/l), and by 21.8% on the 7th day (3.9g/l) (diagram – 1).

Diagram 1. Internal factors of the hemostasis system in the dynamics of experimental tetrachloromethane toxic hepatitis - TT and FP indicators

5. Conclusions

Thus, acute changes in the internal factors of the hemostasis system are observed in transient toxic hepatitis with tetrachloromethane in hot climates:

1. These changes began on day 3 and increased over the duration of the study.

2. When comparing thrombin time and plasma fibrinogen, which are internal factors of hemostasis, it was observed that the amount of plasma fibrinogen increased.